(730 ILCS 5/5-4.5-95) Sec. 5-4.5-95. GENERAL RECIDIVISM PROVISIONS. (a) HABITUAL CRIMINALS. (1) Every person who has been twice convicted in any |
| state or federal court of an offense that contains the same elements as an offense now (the date of the offense committed after the 2 prior convictions) classified in Illinois as a Class X felony, criminal sexual assault, aggravated kidnapping, or first degree murder, and who is thereafter convicted of a Class X felony, criminal sexual assault, or first degree murder, committed after the 2 prior convictions, shall be adjudged an habitual criminal.
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(2) The 2 prior convictions need not have been for
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(3) Any convictions that result from or are
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| connected with the same transaction, or result from offenses committed at the same time, shall be counted for the purposes of this Section as one conviction.
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(4) This Section does not apply unless each of the
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| following requirements are satisfied:
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(A) The third offense was committed after July 3,
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(B) The third offense was committed within 20
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| years of the date that judgment was entered on the first conviction; provided, however, that time spent in custody shall not be counted.
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(C) The third offense was committed after
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| conviction on the second offense.
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(D) The second offense was committed after
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| conviction on the first offense.
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(E) The first offense was committed when the
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| person was 21 years of age or older.
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(5) Anyone who is adjudged an habitual criminal shall
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| be sentenced to a term of natural life imprisonment.
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(6) A prior conviction shall not be alleged in the
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| indictment, and no evidence or other disclosure of that conviction shall be presented to the court or the jury during the trial of an offense set forth in this Section unless otherwise permitted by the issues properly raised in that trial. After a plea or verdict or finding of guilty and before sentence is imposed, the prosecutor may file with the court a verified written statement signed by the State's Attorney concerning any former conviction of an offense set forth in this Section rendered against the defendant. The court shall then cause the defendant to be brought before it; shall inform the defendant of the allegations of the statement so filed, and of his or her right to a hearing before the court on the issue of that former conviction and of his or her right to counsel at that hearing; and unless the defendant admits such conviction, shall hear and determine the issue, and shall make a written finding thereon. If a sentence has previously been imposed, the court may vacate that sentence and impose a new sentence in accordance with this Section.
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(7) A duly authenticated copy of the record of any
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| alleged former conviction of an offense set forth in this Section shall be prima facie evidence of that former conviction; and a duly authenticated copy of the record of the defendant's final release or discharge from probation granted, or from sentence and parole supervision (if any) imposed pursuant to that former conviction, shall be prima facie evidence of that release or discharge.
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(8) Any claim that a previous conviction offered by
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| the prosecution is not a former conviction of an offense set forth in this Section because of the existence of any exceptions described in this Section, is waived unless duly raised at the hearing on that conviction, or unless the prosecution's proof shows the existence of the exceptions described in this Section.
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(9) If the person so convicted shows to the
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| satisfaction of the court before whom that conviction was had that he or she was released from imprisonment, upon either of the sentences upon a pardon granted for the reason that he or she was innocent, that conviction and sentence shall not be considered under this Section.
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(b) When a defendant, over the age of 21 years, is convicted of a Class 1 or Class 2 forcible felony after having twice been convicted in any state or federal court of an offense that contains the same elements as an offense now (the date the Class 1 or Class 2 forcible felony was committed) classified in Illinois as a Class 2 or greater Class forcible felony and those charges are separately brought and tried and arise out of different series of acts, that defendant shall be sentenced as a Class X offender. This subsection does not apply unless:
(1) the first forcible felony was committed after
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| February 1, 1978 (the effective date of Public Act 80-1099);
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(2) the second forcible felony was committed after
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(3) the third forcible felony was committed after
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| conviction on the second; and
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(4) the first offense was committed when the person
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| was 21 years of age or older.
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(c) (Blank).
A person sentenced as a Class X offender under this subsection (b) is not eligible to apply for treatment as a condition of probation as provided by Section 40-10 of the Substance Use Disorder Act (20 ILCS 301/40-10).
(Source: P.A. 100-3, eff. 1-1-18; 100-759, eff. 1-1-19; 101-652, eff. 7-1-21 .)
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(730 ILCS 5/5-4.5-105) (Text of Section from P.A. 103-191) Sec. 5-4.5-105. SENTENCING OF INDIVIDUALS UNDER THE AGE OF 18 AT THE TIME OF THE COMMISSION OF AN OFFENSE. (a) On or after the effective date of this amendatory Act of the 99th General Assembly, when a person commits an offense and the person is under 18 years of age at the time of the commission of the offense, the court, at the sentencing hearing conducted under Section 5-4-1, shall consider the following additional factors in mitigation in determining the appropriate sentence: (1) the person's age, impetuosity, and level of |
| maturity at the time of the offense, including the ability to consider risks and consequences of behavior, and the presence of cognitive or developmental disability, or both, if any;
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(2) whether the person was subjected to outside
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| pressure, including peer pressure, familial pressure, or negative influences;
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(3) the person's family, home environment,
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| educational and social background, including any history of parental neglect, domestic or sexual violence, sexual exploitation, physical abuse, or other childhood trauma including adverse childhood experiences (or ACEs);
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(4) the person's potential for rehabilitation or
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| evidence of rehabilitation, or both;
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(5) the circumstances of the offense;
(6) the person's degree of participation and specific
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| role in the offense, including the level of planning by the defendant before the offense;
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(7) whether the person was able to meaningfully
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| participate in his or her defense;
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(8) the person's prior juvenile or criminal history;
(9) the person's involvement in the child welfare
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(10) involvement of the person in the community;
(11) if a comprehensive mental health evaluation
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| of the person was conducted by a qualified mental health professional, the outcome of the evaluation; and
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12 any other information the court finds relevant and
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| reliable, including an expression of remorse, if appropriate. However, if the person, on advice of counsel chooses not to make a statement, the court shall not consider a lack of an expression of remorse as an aggravating factor.
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(b) The trial judge shall specify on the record its consideration of the factors under subsection (a) of this Section.
(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if the court determines by clear and convincing evidence that the individual against whom the person is convicted of committing the offense previously committed a crime under Section 10-9, Section 11-1.20, Section 11-1.30, Section 11-1.40, Section 11-1.50, Section 11-1.60, Section 11-6, Section 11-6.5, Section 11-6.6, Section 11-9.1, Section 11-14.3, Section 11-14.4 or Section 11-18.1 under Criminal Code of 2012 against the person within 3 years before the offense in which the person was convicted, the court may, in its discretion:
(1) transfer the person to juvenile court for
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| sentencing under Section 5-710 of the Juvenile Court Act of 1987;
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(2) depart from any mandatory minimum sentence,
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| maximum sentence, or sentencing enhancement; or
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(3) suspend any portion of an otherwise applicable
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(d) Subsection (c) shall be construed as prioritizing the successful treatment and rehabilitation of persons under 18 years of age who are sex crime victims who commit acts of violence against their abusers. It is the General Assembly's intent that these persons be viewed as victims and provided treatment and services in the community, juvenile or family court system.
(e) Except as provided in subsection (f), the court may sentence the defendant to any disposition authorized for the class of the offense of which he or she was found guilty as described in Article 4.5 of this Code, and may, in its discretion, decline to impose any otherwise applicable sentencing enhancement based upon firearm possession, possession with personal discharge, or possession with personal discharge that proximately causes great bodily harm, permanent disability, permanent disfigurement, or death to another person.
(f) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if the defendant is convicted of first degree murder and would otherwise be subject to sentencing under clause (iii), (iv), (v), or (vii) of subparagraph (c) of paragraph (1) of subsection (a) of Section 5-8-1 of this Code based on the category of persons identified therein, the court shall impose a sentence of not less than 40 years of imprisonment, except for persons convicted of first degree murder where subsection (c) applies. In addition, the court may, in its discretion, decline to impose the sentencing enhancements based upon the possession or use of a firearm during the commission of the offense included in subsection (d) of Section 5-8-1.
(Source: P.A. 103-191, eff. 1-1-24.)
(Text of Section from P.A. 103-379)
Sec. 5-4.5-105. SENTENCING OF INDIVIDUALS UNDER THE AGE OF 18 AT THE TIME OF THE COMMISSION OF AN OFFENSE.
(a) On or after the effective date of this amendatory Act of the 99th General Assembly, when a person commits an offense and the person is under 18 years of age at the time of the commission of the offense, the court, at the sentencing hearing conducted under Section 5-4-1, shall consider the following additional factors in mitigation in determining the appropriate sentence:
(1) the person's age, impetuosity, and level of
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| maturity at the time of the offense, including the ability to consider risks and consequences of behavior, and the presence of cognitive or developmental disability, or both, if any;
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(2) whether the person was subjected to outside
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| pressure, including peer pressure, familial pressure, or negative influences;
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(3) the person's family, home environment,
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| educational and social background, including any history of parental neglect, physical abuse, or other childhood trauma;
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(4) the person's potential for rehabilitation or
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| evidence of rehabilitation, or both;
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(5) the circumstances of the offense;
(6) the person's degree of participation and specific
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| role in the offense, including the level of planning by the defendant before the offense;
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(7) whether the person was able to meaningfully
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| participate in his or her defense;
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(8) the person's prior juvenile or criminal history;
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(9) any other information the court finds relevant
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| and reliable, including an expression of remorse, if appropriate. However, if the person, on advice of counsel chooses not to make a statement, the court shall not consider a lack of an expression of remorse as an aggravating factor.
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(b) Except as provided in subsections (c) and (d), the court may sentence the defendant to any disposition authorized for the class of the offense of which he or she was found guilty as described in Article 4.5 of this Code, and may, in its discretion, decline to impose any otherwise applicable sentencing enhancement based upon firearm possession, possession with personal discharge, or possession with personal discharge that proximately causes great bodily harm, permanent disability, permanent disfigurement, or death to another person.
(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if the defendant is convicted of first degree murder and would otherwise be subject to sentencing under clause (iii), (iv), (v), or (vii) of subparagraph (c) of paragraph (1) of subsection (a) of Section 5-8-1 of this Code based on the category of persons identified therein, the court shall impose a sentence of not less than 40 years of imprisonment. In addition, the court may, in its discretion, decline to impose the sentencing enhancements based upon the possession or use of a firearm during the commission of the offense included in subsection (d) of Section 5-8-1.
(d) Fines and assessments, such as fees or administrative costs, shall not be ordered or imposed against a minor subject to this Code or against the minor's parent, guardian, or legal custodian. For purposes of this amendatory Act of the 103rd General Assembly, "minor" has the meaning provided in Section 1-3 of the Juvenile Court Act of 1987 and includes any minor under the age of 18 transferred to adult court or excluded from juvenile court jurisdiction under Article V of the Juvenile Court Act of 1987.
(Source: P.A. 103-379, eff. 7-28-23.)
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(730 ILCS 5/5-4.5-115) Sec. 5-4.5-115. Parole review of persons under the age of 21 at the time of the commission of an offense. (a) For purposes of this Section, "victim" means a victim of a violent crime as defined in subsection (a) of Section 3 of the Rights of Crime Victims and Witnesses Act including a witness as defined in subsection (b) of Section 3 of the Rights of Crime Victims and Witnesses Act; any person legally related to the victim by blood, marriage, adoption, or guardianship; any friend of the victim; or any concerned citizen. (b) A person under 21 years of age at the time of the commission of an offense or offenses, other than first degree murder, and who is not serving a sentence for first degree murder and who is sentenced on or after June 1, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 100-1182) shall be eligible for parole review by the Prisoner Review Board after serving 10 years or more of his or her sentence or sentences, except for those serving a sentence or sentences for: (1) aggravated criminal sexual assault who shall be eligible for parole review by the Prisoner Review Board after serving 20 years or more of his or her sentence or sentences or (2) predatory criminal sexual assault of a child who shall not be eligible for parole review by the Prisoner Review Board under this Section. A person under 21 years of age at the time of the commission of first degree murder who is sentenced on or after June 1, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 100-1182) shall be eligible for parole review by the Prisoner Review Board after serving
20 years or more of his or her sentence or sentences, except for those subject to a term of natural life imprisonment under Section 5-8-1 of this Code or any person subject to sentencing under subsection (c) of Section 5-4.5-105 of this Code, who shall be eligible for parole review by the Prisoner Review Board after serving 40 years or more of his or her sentence or sentences. (c) Three years prior to becoming eligible for parole review, the eligible person may file his or her petition for parole review with the Prisoner Review Board.
The petition shall include a copy of the order of commitment and sentence to the Department of Corrections for the offense or offenses for which review is sought. Within 30 days of receipt of this petition, the Prisoner Review Board shall determine whether the petition is appropriately filed, and if so, shall set a date for parole review 3 years from receipt of the petition and notify the Department of Corrections within 10 business days. If the Prisoner Review Board determines that the petition is not appropriately filed, it shall notify the petitioner in writing, including a basis for its determination. (d) Within 6 months of the Prisoner Review Board's determination that the petition was appropriately filed, a representative from the Department of Corrections shall meet with the eligible person and
provide the inmate information about the parole hearing process and personalized recommendations for the inmate regarding his or her work assignments, rehabilitative programs, and institutional behavior. Following this meeting, the eligible person has 7 calendar days to file a written request to the representative from the Department of Corrections who met with the eligible person of any additional programs and services which the eligible person believes should be made available to prepare the eligible person for return to the community. (e) One year prior to the person being eligible for parole, counsel shall be appointed by the Prisoner Review Board upon a finding of indigency. The eligible person may waive appointed counsel or retain his or her own counsel at his or her own expense. (f) Nine months prior to the hearing, the Prisoner Review Board shall provide the eligible person, and his or her counsel, any written documents or materials it will be considering in making its decision unless the written documents or materials are specifically found to: (1) include information which, if disclosed, would damage the therapeutic relationship between the inmate and a mental health professional; (2) subject any person to the actual risk of physical harm; (3) threaten the safety or security of the Department or an institution. In accordance with Section 4.5(d)(4) of the Rights of Crime Victims and Witnesses Act and Section 10 of the Open Parole Hearings Act, victim statements provided to the Board shall be confidential and privileged, including any statements received prior to the effective date of this amendatory Act of the 101st General Assembly, except if the statement was an oral statement made by the victim at a hearing open to the public. Victim statements shall not be considered public documents under the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act. The inmate or his or her attorney shall not be given a copy of the statement, but shall be informed of the existence of a victim statement and the position taken by the victim on the inmate's request for parole. This shall not be construed to permit disclosure to an inmate of any information which might result in the risk of threats or physical harm to a victim. The Prisoner Review Board shall have an ongoing duty to provide the eligible person, and his or her counsel, with any further documents or materials that come into its possession prior to the hearing subject to the limitations contained in this subsection. (g) Not less than 12 months prior to the hearing, the Prisoner Review Board shall provide notification to the State's Attorney of the county from which the person was committed and written notification to the victim or family of the victim of the scheduled hearing place, date, and approximate time. The written notification shall contain: (1) information about
their right to be present, appear in person at the parole hearing, and their right to
make an oral statement and submit information in writing, by videotape, tape
recording, or other electronic means; (2) a toll-free number to call for further
information about the parole review process; and (3) information regarding
available resources, including trauma-informed therapy, they may access. If the Board does not have knowledge of the current address of the victim or family of the victim, it shall notify the State's Attorney of the county of commitment and request assistance in locating the victim or family of the victim. Those victims or family of the victims who advise the Board in writing that they no longer wish to be notified shall not receive future notices. A victim shall have the right to submit information by videotape, tape recording, or other electronic means. The victim may submit this material prior to or at the parole hearing. The victim also has the right to be heard at the parole hearing. (h) The hearing conducted by the Prisoner Review Board shall be governed by Sections 15 and 20, subsection (f) of Section 5, subsections (a), (a-5), (b), (b-5), and (c) of Section 10, and subsection (d) of Section 25 of the Open Parole Hearings Act and Part 1610 of Title 20 of the Illinois Administrative Code. The eligible person has a right to be present at the Prisoner Review Board hearing, unless the Prisoner Review Board determines the eligible person's presence is unduly burdensome when conducting a hearing under paragraph (6.6) of subsection (a) of Section 3-3-2 of this Code. If a psychological evaluation is submitted for the Prisoner Review Board's consideration, it shall be prepared by a person who has expertise in adolescent brain development and behavior, and shall take into consideration the diminished culpability of youthful offenders, the hallmark features of youth, and any subsequent growth and increased maturity of the person. At the hearing, the eligible person shall have the right to make a statement on his or her own behalf. (i) Only upon motion for good cause shall the date for the Prisoner Review Board hearing, as set by subsection (b) of this Section, be changed. No less than 15 days prior to the hearing, the Prisoner Review Board shall notify the victim or victim representative, the attorney, and the eligible person of the exact date and time of the hearing. All hearings shall be open to the public. (j) The Prisoner Review Board shall not parole the eligible person if it determines that: (1) there is a substantial risk that the eligible |
| person will not conform to reasonable conditions of parole or aftercare release; or
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(2) the eligible person's release at that time would
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| deprecate the seriousness of his or her offense or promote disrespect for the law; or
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(3) the eligible person's release would have a
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| substantially adverse effect on institutional discipline.
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In considering the factors affecting the release determination under 20 Ill. Adm. Code 1610.50(b), the Prisoner Review Board panel shall consider the diminished culpability of youthful offenders, the hallmark features of youth, and any subsequent growth and maturity of the youthful offender during incarceration.
(k) Unless denied parole under subsection (j) of this Section and subject to the provisions of Section 3-3-9 of this Code: (1) the eligible person serving a sentence for any non-first degree murder offense or offenses, shall be released on parole which shall operate to discharge any remaining term of years sentence imposed upon him or her, notwithstanding any required mandatory supervised release period the eligible person is required to serve; and (2) the eligible person serving a sentence for any first degree murder offense, shall be released on mandatory supervised release for a period of 10 years subject to Section 3-3-8, which shall operate to discharge any remaining term of years sentence imposed upon him or her, however in no event shall the eligible person serve a period of mandatory supervised release greater than the aggregate of the discharged underlying sentence and the mandatory supervised release period as sent forth in Section 5-4.5-20.
(l) If the Prisoner Review Board denies parole after conducting the hearing under
subsection (j) of this Section, it shall issue a written decision which states the
rationale for denial, including the primary factors considered. This decision shall
be provided to the eligible person and his or her counsel within 30 days.
(m) A person denied parole under subsection (j) of this Section, who is not
serving a sentence for either first degree murder or aggravated criminal sexual
assault, shall be eligible for a second parole review by the Prisoner Review Board
5 years after the written decision under subsection (l) of this Section; a person
denied parole under subsection (j) of this Section, who is serving a sentence or
sentences for first degree murder or aggravated criminal sexual assault shall be
eligible for a second and final parole review by the Prisoner Review Board 10
years after the written decision under subsection (k) of this Section. The
procedures for a second parole review shall be governed by subsections (c)
through (k) of this Section.
(n) A person denied parole under subsection (m) of this Section, who is not
serving a sentence for either first degree murder or aggravated criminal sexual
assault, shall be eligible for a third and final parole review by the Prisoner Review
Board 5 years after the written decision under subsection (l) of this Section. The
procedures for the third and final parole review shall be governed by subsections
(c) through (k) of this Section.
(o) Notwithstanding anything else to the contrary in this Section, nothing in this Section shall be construed to delay parole or mandatory supervised release consideration for petitioners who are or will be eligible for release earlier than this Section provides. Nothing in this Section shall be construed as a limit, substitution, or bar on a person's right to sentencing relief, or any other manner of relief, obtained by order of a court in proceedings other than as provided in this Section.
(Source: P.A. 101-288, eff. 1-1-20; 102-1128, eff. 1-1-24 .)
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