HB5417 EngrossedLRB099 17537 RLC 41895 b

1    AN ACT concerning criminal law.
 
2    Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois,
3represented in the General Assembly:
 
4    Section 1. Short title. This Act may be cited as the
5Isolated Confinement Restriction Act.
 
6    Section 5. Findings. The General Assembly finds and
7declares that:
8    (1) The use of isolated confinement in this State's
9correctional facilities shall be restricted to ensure the safe
10and humane operation of these facilities, consistent with the
11Illinois Constitution, the laws and public policies of this
12State, the mission of the correctional system, evolving medical
13knowledge, and human rights standards of decency.
14    (2) Isolated confinement shall only be used when absolutely
15necessary, and shall not be used against vulnerable populations
16or under conditions or for time periods that are in excess of 5
17days which can foster psychological trauma, psychiatric
18disorders, or serious, long-term damage to an isolated person's
19brain.
20    (3) The standards established in this Act shall apply to
21all persons confined in correctional facilities under the
22jurisdiction of this State regardless of the civil or criminal
23nature of the charges against them.
 

 

 

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1    Section 10. Definitions. In this Act:
2    "Clinician" means any of the following:
3        (1) a physician who is licensed to practice medicine in
4    all of its branches and is certified in psychiatry by the
5    American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology or the American
6    Osteopathic Board of Neurology and Psychiatry, or has
7    completed 4 years of an accredited post-graduate training
8    program in psychiatry; or
9        (2) a licensed clinical psychologist.
10    "Committed person" means a person confined in a
11correctional facility.
12    "Correctional facility" means any State correctional
13facility or county correctional facility, and any State,
14county, or private facility detaining persons under any
15intergovernmental service agreement or other contract with any
16State, county, or federal agency, including, but not limited
17to, United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement.
18    "Director" means the Director of Corrections.
19    "Emergency confinement" means the isolated confinement of
20a committed person in a correctional facility when there is
21reasonable cause to believe that this confinement is necessary
22to reduce a substantial risk of imminent serious harm to the
23committed person or others.
24    "Facility administrator" or "administrator" means the
25chief operating officer, senior administrative designee, or

 

 

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1warden of a correctional facility.
2    "Isolated confinement" means confinement of a committed
3person in a correctional facility, under disciplinary,
4administrative, protective, investigative, medical, or other
5classification, in a cell or similarly confined holding or
6living space, alone or with other inmates, for approximately 20
7hours or more per day, with severely restricted activity,
8movement, and social interaction.
9    "Less restrictive intervention" means a placement or
10conditions of confinement, or both, in the current or an
11alternative correctional facility, under less restrictive
12conditions on a committed person's movement, privileges,
13activities, and social interactions.
14    "Medical isolation" means isolated confinement of a
15committed person for medical reasons, including a mental health
16emergency or when necessary to prevent the spread of a
17communicable disease.
18    "Member of a vulnerable population" means any committed
19person who:
20        (1) is 21 years of age or younger;
21        (2) is 55 years of age or older;
22        (3) has a disability based on a mental illness, a
23    history of psychiatric hospitalization, or has recently
24    exhibited conduct, including, but not limited to, serious
25    self mutilation, indicating the need for further
26    observation or evaluation to determine the presence of

 

 

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1    mental illness;
2        (4) has a developmental disability;
3        (5) has a serious medical condition which cannot
4    effectively be treated in isolated confinement;
5        (6) is pregnant;
6        (7) has a significant auditory or visual impairment; or
7        (8) is lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender.
8    "Protective custody" means confinement of a committed
9person in a cell or similarly confined holding or living space,
10under conditions necessary to protect the committed person or
11others.
12    "State correctional facility" means a State prison or other
13penal institution or an institution or facility designated by
14the Director as a place of confinement.
 
15    Section 15. Restrictions on the use of isolated
16confinement.
17    (a) Except as provided in subsection (b), the use of
18isolated confinement in correctional facilities in this State
19shall be restricted as follows:
20        (1) a committed person shall not be placed in isolated
21    confinement unless there is reasonable cause to believe
22    that the committed person would create a substantial risk
23    of immediate serious harm to himself, herself, or another,
24    and a less restrictive intervention would be insufficient
25    to reduce this risk and the correctional facility shall

 

 

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1    bear the burden of establishing this standard;
2        (2) a committed person shall not be placed in isolated
3    confinement before receiving a personal and comprehensive
4    medical and mental health examination conducted by a
5    clinician;
6        (3) the final decision to place a committed person in
7    isolated confinement shall be made by the facility
8    administrator;
9        (4) a committed person shall not be placed or retained
10    in isolated confinement if the facility administrator
11    determines that the committed person no longer meets the
12    standard for isolated confinement;
13        (5) a committed person who is a member of a vulnerable
14    population shall not be placed in isolated confinement and
15    any committed person who is a member of a vulnerable
16    population shall not be subject to discipline for refusing
17    treatment or medication, or for self-harming or related
18    conduct or threats of this conduct, and shall be placed in
19    a specialized unit, as designated by the Director, or be
20    civilly admitted or committed to an appropriate facility
21    designated by the Department of Human Services;
22        (6) a committed person shall not be placed in isolated
23    confinement or in any other cell or holding space or living
24    space, in any facility, with one or more committed persons
25    if there is reasonable cause to believe that there is a
26    risk of harm or harassment, intimidation, extortion, or

 

 

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1    other physical or emotional abuse to that committed person
2    or another committed person in that placement; and
3        (7) except during a facility-wide lockdown, a
4    committed person may not be placed in isolated confinement
5    for more than 5 consecutive days or more than 5 days during
6    any 150-day period;
7        (8) a committed person shall not involuntarily be
8    placed in isolated confinement for non-disciplinary
9    reasons;
10        (9) a committed person shall only be held in isolated
11    confinement under initial procedures and reviews which
12    provide timely, fair, and meaningful opportunities for the
13    committed person to contest the confinement, including the
14    right to an initial hearing within 72 hours of placement
15    and a review by the facility administrator or his or her
16    specifically designated employee each 4 days thereafter,
17    unless exceptional circumstances, unavoidable delays, or
18    reasonable postponements exist; the right to appear at the
19    hearing, the right to be represented at the hearing, an
20    independent hearing officer, and a written statement of
21    reasons for the decision made at the hearing; and
22        (10) cells or other holding or living spaces used for
23    isolated confinement shall be ventilated, lit,
24    temperature-controlled, clean, and equipped with properly
25    functioning sanitary fixtures.
26    (b) Isolated confinement shall be permitted under limited

 

 

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1circumstances as follows:
2        (1) The facility administrator determines that a lock
3    down is to be implemented in the limited area of the
4    correctional facility where an outbreak or violence has
5    occurred, or when a facility-wide lockdown is required to
6    ensure the safety of committed persons in the facility
7    until the administrator determines that these
8    circumstances no longer exist. The facility administrator
9    shall document specific reasons why any lockdown is
10    necessary for more than 24 hours, and why less restrictive
11    interventions are insufficient to accomplish the safety
12    goals. Within 6 hours of a decision to extend a lockdown
13    beyond 24 hours, the Director shall publish the reasons on
14    the Department of Corrections website and provide
15    meaningful notice of the reasons for the lockdown to the
16    General Assembly.
17        (2) The facility administrator determines that a
18    committed person shall be placed in emergency confinement.
19            (A) A committed person shall not be held in
20        emergency confinement for more than 24 hours.
21            (B) A committed person held in emergency
22        confinement shall receive an initial medical and
23        mental health evaluation within 2 hours, and a personal
24        and comprehensive medical and mental health evaluation
25        within 24 hours. Reports of these evaluations shall be
26        immediately provided to the facility administrator.

 

 

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1        (3) A physician, based on a personal examination,
2    determines that a committed person shall be placed or
3    retained in medical isolation. The decision to place and
4    retain a committed person in medical isolation due to a
5    mental health emergency shall be made by a clinician based
6    on a personal examination. In any case of isolation under
7    this paragraph (3), a clinical review shall be conducted at
8    least every 6 hours and as indicated. A committed person in
9    medical isolation under this paragraph (3) shall be placed
10    in a mental health unit as designated by the Director.
11        (4) The facility administrator determines that a
12    committed person should be placed in protective custody as
13    follows:
14            (A) The committed person may be placed in voluntary
15        protective custody only with informed, voluntary,
16        written consent and when there is reasonable cause to
17        believe that confinement is necessary to prevent
18        reasonably foreseeable harm and if a committed person
19        makes an informed voluntary written request for
20        protective custody, the correctional facility shall
21        bear the burden of establishing a basis for refusing
22        the request.
23            (B) The committed person may be placed in
24        involuntary protective custody only if there is clear
25        and convincing evidence that confinement is necessary
26        to prevent reasonably foreseeable harm and that no less

 

 

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1        restrictive intervention would be sufficient to
2        prevent that harm.
3            (C) A committed person placed in protective
4        custody shall receive comparable opportunities for
5        activities, movement, and social interaction,
6        consistent with his or her safety and the safety of
7        others, as do committed persons in the general
8        population of the facility.
9            (D) A committed person subject to removal from
10        protective custody shall be provided with a timely,
11        fair, and meaningful opportunity to contest the
12        removal.
13            (E) A committed person who may be placed or
14        currently is in voluntary protective custody may opt
15        out of that status by providing informed, voluntary,
16        written refusal of that status.
17        (5) A member of a vulnerable population shall not be
18    placed in isolated confinement with one or more committed
19    persons, except with the committed person's informed,
20    voluntary, and written consent.
 
21    Section 20. Department rules.
22    (a) Within 90 days after the effective date of this Act,
23the Director shall:
24        (1) develop policies and implement procedures for the
25    review of committed persons placed in isolated confinement

 

 

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1    and submit proposed rules for adoption as required by this
2    Act;
3        (2) initiate a review of each committed person placed
4    in isolated confinement under the policies and procedures
5    developed and implemented under this Act; and
6        (3) develop a plan for providing step-down and
7    transitional units, programs, and staffing patterns to
8    accommodate committed persons currently placed in isolated
9    confinement.
10    (b) The Department of Corrections shall adopt rules to
11carry out the provisions of this Act. The rules shall include,
12but not be limited to:
13        (1) establishing less restrictive housing to isolated
14    confinement, including: separation from other committed
15    persons; transfer to other correctional facilities; any
16    non-isolated confinement sanction authorized by Department
17    of Corrections rules; removing restrictions on religious
18    practices, mail, telephone privileges, and visit contacts;
19    and restrictions on outdoor and recreation access shall
20    only be imposed as is necessary for the safety of the
21    committed person or others, and in no case shall restrict
22    access to food, basic necessities, or legal access;
23        (2) requiring training of disciplinary staff and all
24    staff working with committed persons in isolated
25    confinement and requiring that this training include:
26            (A) assistance from appropriate professionals in

 

 

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1        the Department of Human Services to periodically train
2        all staff working with committed persons in isolated
3        confinement; and
4            (B) standards for isolated confinement, the
5        identification of developmental disabilities, and the
6        symptoms of mental illness, including trauma
7        disorders, and methods of safe responses to people in
8        distress;
9        (3) requiring documentation of all decisions,
10    procedures, and reviews of committed persons placed in
11    isolated confinement;
12        (4) requiring monitoring of compliance with all rules
13    governing cells, units, and other places where committed
14    persons are placed in isolated confinement; and
15        (5) requiring posting on the official website of the
16    Department of Corrections of quarterly reports on the use
17    of isolated confinement, by age, sex, gender identity,
18    ethnicity, incidence of mental illness, and type of
19    confinement status, at each facility; these reports shall
20    include the population on the last day of each quarter and
21    a non-duplicative cumulative count of persons exposed to
22    isolated confinement for each fiscal year. These reports
23    shall include the incidence of emergency confinement,
24    self-harm, suicide, and assault in any isolated
25    confinement unit, as well as explanations for each instance
26    of facility-wide lockdown. These reports shall not include

 

 

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1    personally identifiable information regarding any
2    committed person.
 
3    Section 105. The Unified Code of Corrections is amended by
4changing Section 3-8-7 as follows:
 
5    (730 ILCS 5/3-8-7)  (from Ch. 38, par. 1003-8-7)
6    Sec. 3-8-7. Disciplinary Procedures.)
7    (a) All disciplinary action shall be consistent with this
8Chapter. Rules of behavior and conduct, the penalties for
9violation thereof, and the disciplinary procedure by which such
10penalties may be imposed shall be available to committed
11persons.
12    (b)(1) Corporal punishment and disciplinary restrictions
13on diet, medical or sanitary facilities, mail or access to
14legal materials are prohibited.
15    (2) (Blank).
16    (3) (Blank).
17    (c) Review of disciplinary action imposed under this
18Section shall be provided by means of the grievance procedure
19under Section 3-8-8. The Department shall provide a disciplined
20person with a review of his or her disciplinary action in a
21timely manner as required by law.
22    (d) All institutions and facilities of the Department of
23Corrections shall establish, subject to the approval of the
24Director, procedures for hearing disciplinary cases except

 

 

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1those that may involve the imposition of disciplinary
2segregation and isolation; the loss of good time credit under
3Section 3-6-3 or eligibility to earn good time credit.
4    (e) In disciplinary cases which may involve the imposition
5of disciplinary segregation and isolation, the loss of good
6time credit or eligibility to earn good time credit, the
7Director shall establish disciplinary procedures consistent
8with the following principles:
9        (1) Any person or persons who initiate a disciplinary
10    charge against a person shall not determine the disposition
11    of the charge. The Director may establish one or more
12    disciplinary boards to hear and determine charges.
13        (2) Any committed person charged with a violation of
14    Department rules of behavior shall be given notice of the
15    charge including a statement of the misconduct alleged and
16    of the rules this conduct is alleged to violate.
17        (3) Any person charged with a violation of rules is
18    entitled to a hearing on that charge at which time he shall
19    have an opportunity to appear before and address the person
20    or persons deciding the charge.
21        (4) The person or persons determining the disposition
22    of the charge may also summon to testify any witnesses or
23    other persons with relevant knowledge of the incident.
24        (5) If the charge is sustained, the person charged is
25    entitled to a written statement of the decision by the
26    persons determining the disposition of the charge which

 

 

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1    shall include the basis for the decision and the
2    disciplinary action, if any, to be imposed.
3        (6) (Blank).
4    (f) In disciplinary cases which may involve the imposition
5of segregation and isolation, isolated confinement, or
6restrictive housing, the Director shall establish disciplinary
7procedures consistent with the Isolated Confinement
8Restriction Act.
9(Source: P.A. 97-1083, eff. 8-24-12.)
 
10    Section 999. Effective date. This Act takes effect January
111, 2017, except that this Section and Section 20 take effect
12upon becoming law.