State of Illinois
92nd General Assembly
Legislation

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92_HB4352

 
                                               LRB9213193RCsb

 1        AN ACT in relation to criminal law.

 2        Be  it  enacted  by  the People of the State of Illinois,
 3    represented in the General Assembly:

 4        Section 5. The Code of  Criminal  Procedure  of  1963  is
 5    amended by adding Article 108D as follows:

 6        (725 ILCS 5/Article 108D heading new)

 7     ARTICLE 108D.  IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES IN CAPITAL CASES.

 8        (725 ILCS 5/108D-1 new)
 9        Sec.  108D-1.  Eyewitness  identification  procedures  in
10    capital cases.
11        (a)  In this Section:
12        "Capital   trial"   means  the  trial  to  determine  the
13    defendant's guilt for an offense for which the death sentence
14    is authorized and prior to which the State's Attorney has not
15    filed a certificate indicating he or she will  not  seek  the
16    death  penalty or stated on the record in open court that the
17    death penalty will not be sought.
18        "Eyewitness" means a witness who  will  testify  that  he
19    observed the defendant at or near the scene of the offense.
20        "Photo lineup" means an identification procedure in which
21    an array of photographs, including a photograph of the person
22    suspected  as  the  perpetrator  of an offense and additional
23    photographs of other persons not suspected of the offense, is
24    displayed to an eyewitness for  the  purpose  of  determining
25    whether the eyewitness is able to identify the suspect as the
26    perpetrator.
27        "Live  lineup" means an identification procedure in which
28    a group of persons, including the  person  suspected  as  the
29    perpetrator  of an offense and other persons not suspected of
 
                            -2-                LRB9213193RCsb
 1    the offense, is displayed to an eyewitness for the purpose of
 2    determining whether the eyewitness is able  to  identify  the
 3    suspect as the perpetrator.
 4        "Identification procedure" means either a photo lineup or
 5    a live lineup.
 6        "Filler"  means  either  a  person  or  a photograph of a
 7    person who is not suspected of an offense and is included  in
 8    an identification procedure.
 9        (b)  During  a  capital trial, no eyewitness who has been
10    exposed, prior to his or her testimony, to an  identification
11    procedure  in  which  the  defendant  was  included  shall be
12    permitted   to   identify   the   defendant,    unless    the
13    identification procedure was conducted in compliance with the
14    following requirements:
15             (1)  The   person   conducting   the  identification
16        procedure was someone other than the police  officers  or
17        detectives  who acted as the primary investigators on the
18        case.
19             (2)  The photo lineup or live lineup  identification
20        procedures   were  conducted  in  sequence  so  that  the
21        eyewitness was shown each photograph or each  person  one
22        at  a  time  rather  than  viewing the photographs or the
23        persons simultaneously.
24             (3)  The eyewitness  was  instructed  prior  to  the
25        identification procedure (a) that the perpetrator may not
26        be  among  those  in the photo lineup or the live lineup;
27        (b) that the eyewitness should not feel compelled to make
28        an identification; (c) that  each  person  or  photograph
29        would  be  viewed one at a time; (d) that the photographs
30        or persons would be displayed in random order;  (e)  that
31        the  eyewitness  should  take  as  much time as needed in
32        making a decision about each photograph or person  before
33        moving  to  the next one; and (f) that all photographs or
34        persons would be shown to  the  eyewitness,  even  if  an
 
                            -3-                LRB9213193RCsb
 1        identification is made before all have been viewed.
 2             (4)  The photo lineup or live lineup was composed so
 3        that  the  fillers  generally  fit the description of the
 4        perpetrator and, in the case of a photo line-up, so  that
 5        the  photograph of the defendant resembled his appearance
 6        at the time of the offense and the defendant's photograph
 7        did not unduly stand out.
 8             (5)  If the eyewitness had previously viewed a photo
 9        or live lineup in connection with the  identification  of
10        another  person  suspected of involvement in the offense,
11        the  fillers  in  the  lineup  in  which  the   defendant
12        participated  were different from the fillers used in any
13        prior lineups.
14             (6)  At least 5 fillers were included in  the  photo
15        lineup  and  at least 4 fillers were included in the live
16        lineup, in addition to the defendant.
17             (7)  In a photo lineup, no writings  or  information
18        concerning  any  previous  arrest  of  the  defendant was
19        visible to the eyewitness.
20             (8)  In a live lineup, any  identification  actions,
21        such  as  speaking or making gestures or other movements,
22        were   performed   by   all   those   included   in   the
23        identification procedure.
24             (9)  In a live lineup, all lineup participants  were
25        out of the view of the eyewitness at the beginning of the
26        identification procedure.
27             (10)  The   defendant   was   the   only   suspected
28        perpetrator included in the identification procedure.
29             (11)  Nothing  was  said to the eyewitness regarding
30        the defendant's position in the photo lineup or the  live
31        lineup,  except  as  otherwise  provided in clause (d) of
32        paragraph (3) of this subsection (b).
33             (12)  Nothing was said to the eyewitness that  could
34        have   influenced   the  eyewitness's  selection  of  the
 
                            -4-                LRB9213193RCsb
 1        defendant.
 2             (13)  After  the  defendant  was   identified,   the
 3        eyewitness  was  not  provided any information concerning
 4        the  defendant  prior  to  obtaining   the   eyewitness's
 5        statement that he or she was certain of the selection.
 6             (14)  A   written   record   of  the  identification
 7        procedure  was   made   that   included   the   following
 8        information:      (a)      all     identification     and
 9        non-identification   results    obtained    during    the
10        identification   procedure,  signed  by  the  eyewitness,
11        including  the  eyewitness's  own  words  regarding   how
12        certain  he or she was of the selection; (b) the names of
13        all persons present at the identification procedure;  (c)
14        the  date  and  time of the identification procedure; (d)
15        the order  in  which  the  photographs  or  persons  were
16        displayed  to  the eyewitness; (e) in a photo lineup, the
17        photographs  themselves;   (f)   in   a   photo   lineup,
18        identification   information   and  the  sources  of  all
19        photographs   used;   and   (g)   in   a   live   lineup,
20        identification   information   on   all    persons    who
21        participated in the lineup.
22             (15)  A  video  recording  was  made  of  the entire
23        identification procedure  showing  (a)  the  instructions
24        provided  to  the  eyewitness  before the lineup; (b) the
25        eyewitness throughout the lineup procedure, including the
26        identification and non-identification results; and (c) in
27        a live lineup, all of  the  participants  in  the  lineup
28        during  the entire time each participant was displayed to
29        the eyewitness.

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