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Illinois Compiled Statutes

Information maintained by the Legislative Reference Bureau
Updating the database of the Illinois Compiled Statutes (ILCS) is an ongoing process. Recent laws may not yet be included in the ILCS database, but they are found on this site as Public Acts soon after they become law. For information concerning the relationship between statutes and Public Acts, refer to the Guide.

Because the statute database is maintained primarily for legislative drafting purposes, statutory changes are sometimes included in the statute database before they take effect. If the source note at the end of a Section of the statutes includes a Public Act that has not yet taken effect, the version of the law that is currently in effect may have already been removed from the database and you should refer to that Public Act to see the changes made to the current law.

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
(725 ILCS 5/) Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963.

725 ILCS 5/112A-30

    (725 ILCS 5/112A-30) (from Ch. 38, par. 112A-30)
    Sec. 112A-30. Assistance by law enforcement officers.
    (a) Whenever a law enforcement officer has reason to believe that a person has been abused by a family or household member, the officer shall immediately use all reasonable means to prevent further abuse, including:
        (1) Arresting the abusing party, where appropriate;
        (2) If there is probable cause to believe that
    
particular weapons were used to commit the incident of abuse, subject to constitutional limitations, seizing and taking inventory of the weapons;
        (3) Accompanying the victim of abuse to his or her
    
place of residence for a reasonable period of time to remove necessary personal belongings and possessions;
        (4) Offering the victim of abuse immediate and
    
adequate information (written in a language appropriate for the victim or in Braille or communicated in appropriate sign language), which shall include a summary of the procedures and relief available to victims of abuse under this Article and the officer's name and badge number;
        (5) Providing the victim with one referral to an
    
accessible service agency;
        (6) Advising the victim of abuse about seeking
    
medical attention and preserving evidence (specifically including photographs of injury or damage and damaged clothing or other property); and
        (7) Providing or arranging accessible transportation
    
for the victim of abuse (and, at the victim's request, any minors or dependents in the victim's care) to a medical facility for treatment of injuries or to a nearby place of shelter or safety; or, after the close of court business hours, providing or arranging for transportation for the victim (and, at the victim's request, any minors or dependents in the victim's care) to the nearest available circuit judge or associate judge so the victim may file a petition for an emergency order of protection under Section 217 of the Illinois Domestic Violence Act of 1986. When a victim of abuse chooses to leave the scene of the offense, it shall be presumed that it is in the best interests of any minors or dependents in the victim's care to remain with the victim or a person designated by the victim, rather than to remain with the abusing party.
    (b) Whenever a law enforcement officer does not exercise arrest powers or otherwise initiate criminal proceedings, the officer shall:
        (1) Make a police report of the investigation of any
    
bona fide allegation of an incident of abuse and the disposition of the investigation, in accordance with subsection (a) of Section 112A-29;
        (2) Inform the victim of abuse of the victim's right
    
to request that a criminal proceeding be initiated where appropriate, including specific times and places for meeting with the State's Attorney's office, a warrant officer, or other official in accordance with local procedure; and
        (3) Advise the victim of the importance of seeking
    
medical attention and preserving evidence (specifically including photographs of injury or damage and damaged clothing or other property).
    (c) Except as provided by Section 24-6 of the Criminal Code of 2012 or under a court order, any weapon seized under subsection (a)(2) shall be returned forthwith to the person from whom it was seized when it is no longer needed for evidentiary purposes.
(Source: P.A. 100-199, eff. 1-1-18.)

725 ILCS 5/112A-31

    (725 ILCS 5/112A-31) (from Ch. 38, par. 112A-31)
    Sec. 112A-31. Limited law enforcement liability. Any act of omission or commission by any law enforcement officer acting in good faith in rendering emergency assistance or otherwise enforcing this Article shall not impose civil liability upon the law enforcement officer or his or her supervisor or employer, unless the act is a result of willful or wanton misconduct.
(Source: P.A. 87-1186.)

725 ILCS 5/Tit. V

 
    (725 ILCS 5/Tit. V heading)
TITLE V. PROCEEDINGS PRIOR TO TRIAL

725 ILCS 5/Art. 113

 
    (725 ILCS 5/Art. 113 heading)
ARTICLE 113. ARRAIGNMENT

725 ILCS 5/113-1

    (725 ILCS 5/113-1) (from Ch. 38, par. 113-1)
    Sec. 113-1. Procedure on arraignment.
    Before any person is tried for the commission of an offense he shall be called into open court, informed of the charge against him, and called upon to plead thereto. If the defendant so requests the formal charge shall be read to him before he is required to plead. An entry of the arraignment shall be made of record.
(Source: Laws 1963, p. 2836.)

725 ILCS 5/113-2

    (725 ILCS 5/113-2) (from Ch. 38, par. 113-2)
    Sec. 113-2. Joint defendants.
    Defendants who are jointly charged may be arraigned separately or together in the discretion of the court.
(Source: Laws 1963, p. 2836.)

725 ILCS 5/113-3

    (725 ILCS 5/113-3) (from Ch. 38, par. 113-3)
    Sec. 113-3. (a) Every person charged with an offense shall be allowed counsel before pleading to the charge. If the defendant desires counsel and has been unable to obtain same before arraignment the court shall recess court or continue the cause for a reasonable time to permit defendant to obtain counsel and consult with him before pleading to the charge. If the accused is a dissolved corporation, and is not represented by counsel, the court may, in the interest of justice, appoint as counsel a licensed attorney of this State.
    (b) In all cases, except where the penalty is a fine only, if the court determines that the defendant is indigent and desires counsel, the Public Defender shall be appointed as counsel. If there is no Public Defender in the county or if the defendant requests counsel other than the Public Defender and the court finds that the rights of the defendant will be prejudiced by the appointment of the Public Defender, the court shall appoint as counsel a licensed attorney at law of this State, except that in a county having a population of 2,000,000 or more the Public Defender shall be appointed as counsel in all misdemeanor cases where the defendant is indigent and desires counsel unless the case involves multiple defendants, in which case the court may appoint counsel other than the Public Defender for the additional defendants. The court shall require an affidavit signed by any defendant who requests court-appointed counsel. Such affidavit shall be in the form established by the Supreme Court containing sufficient information to ascertain the assets and liabilities of that defendant. The Court may direct the Clerk of the Circuit Court to assist the defendant in the completion of the affidavit. Any person who knowingly files such affidavit containing false information concerning his assets and liabilities shall be liable to the county where the case, in which such false affidavit is filed, is pending for the reasonable value of the services rendered by the public defender or other court-appointed counsel in the case to the extent that such services were unjustly or falsely procured.
    (c) Upon the filing with the court of a verified statement of services rendered the court shall order the county treasurer of the county of trial to pay counsel other than the Public Defender a reasonable fee. The court shall consider all relevant circumstances, including but not limited to the time spent while court is in session, other time spent in representing the defendant, and expenses reasonably incurred by counsel. In counties with a population greater than 2,000,000, the court shall order the county treasurer of the county of trial to pay counsel other than the Public Defender a reasonable fee stated in the order and based upon a rate of compensation of not more than $40 for each hour spent while court is in session and not more than $30 for each hour otherwise spent representing a defendant, and such compensation shall not exceed $150 for each defendant represented in misdemeanor cases and $1250 in felony cases, in addition to expenses reasonably incurred as hereinafter in this Section provided, except that, in extraordinary circumstances, payment in excess of the limits herein stated may be made if the trial court certifies that such payment is necessary to provide fair compensation for protracted representation. A trial court may entertain the filing of this verified statement before the termination of the cause, and may order the provisional payment of sums during the pendency of the cause.
    (d) In capital cases, in addition to counsel, if the court determines that the defendant is indigent the court may, upon the filing with the court of a verified statement of services rendered, order the county Treasurer of the county of trial to pay necessary expert witnesses for defendant reasonable compensation stated in the order not to exceed $250 for each defendant.
    (e) If the court in any county having a population greater than 2,000,000 determines that the defendant is indigent the court may, upon the filing with the court of a verified statement of such expenses, order the county treasurer of the county of trial, in such counties having a population greater than 2,000,000 to pay the general expenses of the trial incurred by the defendant not to exceed $50 for each defendant.
    (f) The provisions of this Section relating to appointment of counsel, compensation of counsel, and payment of expenses in capital cases apply except when the compensation and expenses are being provided under the Capital Crimes Litigation Act.
(Source: P.A. 91-589, eff. 1-1-00.)

725 ILCS 5/113-3.1

    (725 ILCS 5/113-3.1) (from Ch. 38, par. 113-3.1)
    Sec. 113-3.1. Payment for court-appointed counsel.
    (a) Whenever under either Section 113-3 of this Code or Rule 607 of the Illinois Supreme Court the court appoints counsel to represent a defendant, the court may order the defendant to pay to the Clerk of the Circuit Court a reasonable sum to reimburse either the county or the State for such representation. In a hearing to determine the amount of the payment, the court shall consider the affidavit prepared by the defendant under Section 113-3 of this Code and any other information pertaining to the defendant's financial circumstances which may be submitted by the parties. Such hearing shall be conducted on the court's own motion or on motion of the prosecutor at any time after the appointment of counsel but no later than 90 days after the entry of a final order disposing of the case at the trial level.
    (b) Any sum ordered paid under this Section may not exceed $500 for a defendant charged with a misdemeanor, $5,000 for a defendant charged with a felony, or $2,500 for a defendant who is appealing a conviction of any class offense.
    (c) The method of any payment required under this Section shall be as specified by the Court. The court may order that payments be made on a monthly basis during the term of representation; however, the sum deposited as money bond shall not be used to satisfy this court order. At any time prior to full payment of any payment order the court on its own motion or the motion of any party may reduce, increase, or suspend the ordered payment, or modify the method of payment, as the interest of fairness may require. No increase, suspension, or reduction may be ordered without a hearing and notice to all parties.
    (d) The Supreme Court or the circuit courts may provide by rule for procedures for the enforcement of orders entered under this Section. Such rules may provide for the assessment of all costs, including attorneys' fees which are required for the enforcement of orders entered under this Section when the court in an enforcement proceeding has first found that the defendant has willfully refused to pay. The Clerk of the Circuit Court shall keep records and make reports to the court concerning funds paid under this Section in whatever manner the court directs.
    (e) Whenever an order is entered under this Section for the reimbursement of the State due to the appointment of the State Appellate Defender as counsel on appeal, the order shall provide that the Clerk of the Circuit Court shall retain all funds paid pursuant to such order until the full amount of the sum ordered to be paid by the defendant has been paid. When no balance remains due on such order, the Clerk of the Circuit Court shall inform the court of this fact and the court shall promptly order the Clerk of the Circuit Court to pay to the State Treasurer all of the sum paid.
    (f) The Clerk of the Circuit Court shall retain all funds under this Section paid for the reimbursement of the county, and shall inform the court when no balance remains due on an order entered hereunder. The Clerk of the Circuit Court shall make payments of funds collected under this Section to the County Treasurer in whatever manner and at whatever point as the court may direct, including payments made on a monthly basis during the term of representation.
    (g) A defendant who fails to obey any order of court entered under this Section may be punished for contempt of court. Any arrearage in payments may be reduced to judgment in the court's discretion and collected by any means authorized for the collection of money judgments under the law of this State.
(Source: P.A. 102-1104, eff. 1-1-23.)

725 ILCS 5/113-4

    (725 ILCS 5/113-4) (from Ch. 38, par. 113-4)
    Sec. 113-4. Plea.
    (a) When called upon to plead at arraignment the defendant shall be furnished with a copy of the charge and shall plead guilty, guilty but mentally ill, or not guilty.
    (b) If the defendant stands mute a plea of not guilty shall be entered for him and the trial shall proceed on such plea.
    (c) If the defendant pleads guilty such plea shall not be accepted until the court shall have fully explained to the defendant the following:
        (1) the maximum and minimum penalty provided by law
    
for the offense which may be imposed by the court;
        (2) as a consequence of a conviction or a plea of
    
guilty, the sentence for any future conviction may be increased or there may be a higher possibility of the imposition of consecutive sentences;
        (3) as a consequence of a conviction or a plea of
    
guilty, there may be registration requirements that restrict where the defendant may work, live, or be present; and
        (4) as a consequence of a conviction or a plea of
    
guilty, there may be an impact upon the defendant's ability to, among others:
            (A) retain or obtain housing in the public or
        
private market;
            (B) retain or obtain employment; and
            (C) retain or obtain a firearm, an occupational
        
license, or a driver's license.
    After such explanation if the defendant understandingly persists in his plea it shall be accepted by the court and recorded.
    (d) If the defendant pleads guilty but mentally ill, the court shall not accept such a plea until the defendant has undergone examination by a clinical psychologist or psychiatrist and the judge has examined the psychiatric or psychological report or reports, held a hearing on the issue of the defendant's mental condition and is satisfied that there is a factual basis that the defendant was mentally ill at the time of the offense to which the plea is entered.
    (e) If a defendant pleads not guilty, the court shall advise him at that time or at any later court date on which he is present that if he escapes from custody or is released on bond and fails to appear in court when required by the court that his failure to appear would constitute a waiver of his right to confront the witnesses against him and trial could proceed in his absence.
(Source: P.A. 99-871, eff. 1-1-17.)

725 ILCS 5/113-4.1

    (725 ILCS 5/113-4.1) (from Ch. 38, par. 113-4.1)
    Sec. 113-4.1. Plea of nolo contendere.
    A defendant who is charged with a violation of the Illinois Income Tax Act may plead not guilty, guilty or, with the consent of the court, nolo contendere. The court may refuse to accept a plea of guilty, and shall not accept such plea or a plea of nolo contendere without first addressing the defendant personally and determining that the plea is made voluntarily with understanding of the nature of the charge and the consequences of the plea. If a defendant refuses to plead or if the court refuses to accept a plea of guilty or if a defendant corporation fails to appear, the court shall enter a plea of not guilty. The court shall not enter a judgment upon a plea of guilty unless it is satisfied that there is a factual basis for the plea.
(Source: P.A. 78-267.)

725 ILCS 5/113-5

    (725 ILCS 5/113-5) (from Ch. 38, par. 113-5)
    Sec. 113-5. Plea and Waiver of Jury by Person under 18. No person under the age of 18 years shall be permitted to plead guilty, guilty but mentally ill or waive trial by jury in any case except where the penalty is by fine only unless he is represented by counsel in open court.
(Source: P.A. 82-553.)

725 ILCS 5/113-6

    (725 ILCS 5/113-6) (from Ch. 38, par. 113-6)
    Sec. 113-6. Effect of failure to arraign and irregularity of arraignment.
    Neither a failure to arraign nor an irregularity in the arraignment shall effect the validity of any proceeding in the cause if the defendant pleads to the charge or proceeds to trial without objecting to such failure or irregularity.
(Source: Laws 1963, p. 2836.)

725 ILCS 5/113-8

    (725 ILCS 5/113-8)
    Sec. 113-8. Advisement concerning status as a noncitizen.
    (a) Before the acceptance of a plea of guilty, guilty but mentally ill, or nolo contendere to a misdemeanor or felony offense, the court shall give the following advisement to the defendant in open court:
    "If you are not a citizen of the United States, you are hereby advised that conviction of the offense for which you have been charged may have the consequence of deportation, exclusion from admission to the United States, or denial of naturalization under the laws of the United States.".
    (b) If the defendant is arraigned on or after the effective date of this amendatory Act of the 101st General Assembly, and the court fails to advise the defendant as required by subsection (a) of this Section, and the defendant shows that conviction of the offense to which the defendant pleaded guilty, guilty but mentally ill, or nolo contendere may have the consequence for the defendant of deportation, exclusion from admission to the United States, or denial of naturalization under the laws of the United States, the court, upon the defendant's motion, shall vacate the judgment and permit the defendant to withdraw the plea of guilty, guilty but mentally ill, or nolo contendere and enter a plea of not guilty. The motion shall be filed within 2 years of the date of the defendant's conviction.
(Source: P.A. 101-409, eff. 1-1-20; 102-1030, eff. 5-27-22.)

725 ILCS 5/Art. 114

 
    (725 ILCS 5/Art. 114 heading)
ARTICLE 114. PRE-TRIAL MOTIONS

725 ILCS 5/114-1

    (725 ILCS 5/114-1) (from Ch. 38, par. 114-1)
    Sec. 114-1. Motion to dismiss charge.
    (a) Upon the written motion of the defendant made prior to trial before or after a plea has been entered the court may dismiss the indictment, information or complaint upon any of the following grounds:
        (1) The defendant has not been placed on trial in
    
compliance with Section 103-5 of this Code.
        (2) The prosecution of the offense is barred by
    
Sections 3-3 through 3-8 of the Criminal Code of 2012.
        (3) The defendant has received immunity from
    
prosecution for the offense charged.
        (4) The indictment was returned by a Grand Jury which
    
was improperly selected and which results in substantial injustice to the defendant.
        (5) The indictment was returned by a Grand Jury which
    
acted contrary to Article 112 of this Code and which results in substantial injustice to the defendant.
        (6) The court in which the charge has been filed does
    
not have jurisdiction.
        (7) The county is an improper place of trial.
        (8) The charge does not state an offense.
        (9) The indictment is based solely upon the testimony
    
of an incompetent witness.
        (10) The defendant is misnamed in the charge and the
    
misnomer results in substantial injustice to the defendant.
        (11) The requirements of Section 109-3.1 have not
    
been complied with.
    (b) The court shall require any motion to dismiss to be filed within a reasonable time after the defendant has been arraigned. Any motion not filed within such time or an extension thereof shall not be considered by the court and the grounds therefor, except as to subsections (a)(6) and (a)(8) of this Section, are waived.
    (c) If the motion presents only an issue of law the court shall determine it without the necessity of further pleadings. If the motion alleges facts not of record in the case the State shall file an answer admitting or denying each of the factual allegations of the motion.
    (d) When an issue of fact is presented by a motion to dismiss and the answer of the State the court shall conduct a hearing and determine the issues.
    (d-5) When a defendant seeks dismissal of the charge upon the ground set forth in subsection (a)(7) of this Section, the defendant shall make a prima facie showing that the county is an improper place of trial. Upon such showing, the State shall have the burden of proving, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the county is the proper place of trial.
    (d-6) When a defendant seeks dismissal of the charge upon the grounds set forth in subsection (a)(2) of this Section, the prosecution shall have the burden of proving, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the prosecution of the offense is not barred by Sections 3-3 through 3-8 of the Criminal Code of 2012.
    (e) Dismissal of the charge upon the grounds set forth in subsections (a)(4) through (a)(11) of this Section shall not prevent the return of a new indictment or the filing of a new charge, and upon such dismissal the court may order that the defendant be held in custody or, if the defendant had been previously released on pretrial release, that the pretrial release be continued for a specified time pending the return of a new indictment or the filing of a new charge.
    (f) If the court determines that the motion to dismiss based upon the grounds set forth in subsections (a)(6) and (a)(7) is well founded it may, instead of dismissal, order the cause transferred to a court of competent jurisdiction or to a proper place of trial.
(Source: P.A. 100-434, eff. 1-1-18; 101-652, eff. 1-1-23.)

725 ILCS 5/114-2

    (725 ILCS 5/114-2) (from Ch. 38, par. 114-2)
    Sec. 114-2. Motion for a bill of particulars.
    (a) A written motion for a bill of particulars shall be filed before or within a reasonable time after arraignment and shall specify the particulars of the offense necessary to enable the defendant to prepare his defense.
    (b) A bill of particulars may be amended at any time before trial subject to such conditions as justice may require.
(Source: Laws 1963, p. 2836.)