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1    AN ACT concerning safety.
 
2    Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois,
3represented in the General Assembly:
 
4    Section 5. The Environmental Protection Act is amended by
5adding Section 9.18 as follows:
 
6    (415 ILCS 5/9.18 new)
7    Sec. 9.18. Ethylene oxide phase-out.
8    (a) In this Section:
9    "Densely populated location" means a location that does not
10qualify as a remote location as defined in this subsection.
11    "Ethylene oxide emissions source" means a stationary
12source that currently, or at any point in the previous 15
13years, emits, emitted, or has the potential to emit ethylene
14oxide into the atmosphere, regardless of the specific emissions
15source. "Ethylene oxide emissions source" does not include an
16ethylene oxide sterilization source, hospital, or natural
17biological source such as the human body, plant, or animal.
18    "Ethylene oxide sterilization operation" means the process
19of using ethylene oxide to make one or more items free from
20microorganisms, pathogens, or both microorganisms and
21pathogens.
22    "Ethylene oxide sterilization source" means a stationary
23source where operations include ethylene oxide sterilization

 

 

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1operations and that currently, or at any point in the previous
215 years, emits, emitted, or has the potential to emit ethylene
3oxide into the atmosphere, regardless of its emissions source.
4"Ethylene oxide sterilization source" does not include a
5hospital as defined in this subsection.
6    "Hospital" means a hospital licensed under the Hospital
7Licensing Act or operated under the University of Illinois
8Hospital Act.
9    "Remote location" means a location removed from
10populations especially vulnerable to the emission of ethylene
11oxide. "Remote location" only includes a location meeting the
12requirements of the following paragraphs (1) or (2).
13        (1) In counties with an average population density of
14    less than 1,000 people per square mile, the location must
15    be:
16            (A) at the center of a 5 mile radius within which
17        there is a population density of 100 people or fewer
18        per square mile; and
19            (B) at least 5 miles from the nearest registered
20        day care or school serving students in grades preschool
21        through 12 and in existence before October 1, 2019.
22        (2) In counties with an average population density
23    equal to or greater than 1,000 people per square mile, the
24    location must be:
25            (A) at the center of a 10 mile radius within which
26        there is a population density of 100 people or fewer

 

 

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1        per square mile; and
2            (B) at least 10 miles from the nearest registered
3        day care or school serving students in grades preschool
4        through 12 and in existence before October 1, 2019.
5    (b) Ethylene oxide sterilization sources are subject to the
6following requirements:
7        (1) On and after January 1, 2021, no ethylene oxide
8    sterilization source in a densely populated location shall
9    conduct ethylene oxide sterilization operations that
10    result in the emission of ethylene oxide or propylene
11    oxide.
12        (2) On and after January 1, 2021, no ethylene oxide
13    sterilization source in a remote location shall emit more
14    than 30 pounds of ethylene oxide or 30 pounds of propylene
15    oxide annually.
16        (3) Within 90 days after the effective date of this
17    amendatory Act of the 101st General Assembly, each ethylene
18    oxide sterilization source shall submit a letter to the
19    Agency stating whether they intend to modify or phase out
20    the emissions of ethylene oxide consistent with their
21    obligations established under this Section. Upon receipt
22    by the Agency, the Agency shall make the letter publicly
23    available on the Agency's website.
24        (4) No ethylene oxide sterilization source shall
25    conduct ethylene oxide sterilization operations or other
26    activities that cause ethylene oxide or propylene oxide

 

 

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1    emissions unless the owner or operator of the ethylene
2    oxide sterilization source submits for review and approval
3    by the Agency a plan describing how the owner or operator
4    will continuously collect emissions information. The plan
5    must also specify locations at the source from which
6    emissions will be collected and identify equipment used for
7    their collection and analysis, including the equipment's
8    individual system components. Emissions monitoring
9    equipment must be tested and validated at least once in any
10    12-month period and the results forwarded to the Agency.
11        (5) In issuing the applicable permits to ethylene oxide
12    sterilization sources, the Agency shall include
13    limitations, informed by each ethylene oxide sterilization
14    source's risk management plan, on the amount of ethylene
15    oxide that may be stored on-site to protect public health,
16    public safety, and the environment. Prior to issuing the
17    applicable permits, the Agency shall require the
18    submission of documentation demonstrating that the permit
19    applicant is in compliance, and will maintain compliance,
20    with local, State, and federal law governing the storage of
21    ethylene oxide. All permits issued by the Agency shall
22    grant the Agency the authority to modify the permit to
23    change limitations on the amount of ethylene oxide that can
24    be stored on-site at any time and to modify storage
25    practices or equipment requirements. All permits issued by
26    the Agency shall grant the Agency the right to conduct

 

 

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1    unannounced inspections. The Agency shall conduct at least
2    one unannounced inspection annually of the ethylene oxide
3    storage system for each permit holder.
4        (6) Ethylene oxide sterilization sources shall be
5    required to submit or resubmit a risk management plan to
6    the Agency within 90 days of the effective date of this
7    amendatory Act of the 101st General Assembly, on or before
8    December 31, 2020, and on or before December 31 of every
9    fifth year thereafter.
10    (c) Hospitals are subject to the following requirements:
11        (1) On and after January 1, 2023, any hospital
12    designated as a critical access hospital by the Centers for
13    Medicare and Medicaid Services under the federal Balanced
14    Budget Act of 1997 shall not conduct ethylene oxide
15    sterilization operations.
16        (2) On and after January 1, 2022, any hospital not
17    designated as a critical access hospital by the Centers for
18    Medicare and Medicaid Services shall not conduct ethylene
19    oxide sterilization operations.
20        (3) Within 90 days after the effective date of this
21    amendatory Act of the 101st General Assembly, any hospital
22    conducting ethylene oxide sterilization operations shall
23    submit a letter to the Agency committing the hospital to
24    phase out the emissions of ethylene oxide by applicable
25    deadlines established under this Section.
26    (d) Ethylene oxide emissions sources are subject to the

 

 

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1following requirements:
2        (1) On and after January 1, 2021, no ethylene oxide
3    emissions source in a densely populated location shall
4    conduct operations or other activities that emit ethylene
5    oxide in excess of 30 pounds annually and 3 pounds monthly.
6        (2) Beginning 90 days after the effective date of this
7    amendatory Act of the 101st General Assembly, no ethylene
8    oxide emissions source shall conduct activities that cause
9    ethylene oxide emissions unless the owner or operator
10    submits for review and approval by the Agency a plan
11    describing how the ethylene oxide emissions source will
12    continuously collect emissions information. Each ethylene
13    oxide emissions source must specify in its plan all
14    locations at which ethylene oxide may enter the atmosphere
15    at each emissions source and shall install proper
16    monitoring equipment. The equipment for monitoring and
17    collecting emissions must be installed and the owner or
18    operator of the ethylene oxide emissions source must begin
19    reporting the results to the Agency within 120 days of the
20    effective date of this amendatory Act of the 101st General
21    Assembly. The plan must also specify locations at the
22    source from which emissions will be collected and identify
23    equipment used for collection and analysis, including the
24    equipment's individual system components. The emissions
25    monitoring equipment must be tested and validated at least
26    once in any 12-month period and the results forwarded to

 

 

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1    the Agency.
2            (A) The owner or operator of an ethylene oxide
3        emissions source must provide a notice of acceptance of
4        any conditions added by the Agency to the plan, or
5        correct any deficiencies identified by the Agency in
6        the plan, within 10 business days after receiving the
7        Agency's conditional acceptance or denial of the plan.
8            (B) Upon the Agency's approval of the plan, the
9        owner or operator of the ethylene oxide emissions
10        source shall implement the plan in accordance with its
11        approved terms.
12        (3) Each ethylene oxide emissions source shall report
13    to the Agency the amount of ethylene oxide used and the
14    ethylene oxide emissions created at the ethylene oxide
15    emissions source annually. All reports submitted to the
16    Agency shall include documentation necessary to verify the
17    quantity used and purchased by the ethylene oxide emissions
18    source.
19        (4) In issuing the applicable permits to ethylene oxide
20    emissions sources, the Agency shall include limitations,
21    informed by each ethylene oxide emissions source's risk
22    management plan, on the amount of ethylene oxide that may
23    be stored on-site to protect public health, public safety,
24    and the environment. The unit of local government in which
25    the ethylene oxide emissions source is located may regulate
26    the storage of ethylene oxide in a manner that is more

 

 

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1    restrictive or matches the standards established by the
2    Agency. Prior to issuing the applicable permits, the Agency
3    shall require the submission of documentation
4    demonstrating that the permit applicant is in compliance,
5    and will maintain compliance, with local, State, and
6    federal law governing the storage of ethylene oxide. All
7    permits issued by the Agency shall grant the Agency the
8    authority to modify the permit to change limitations on the
9    amount of ethylene oxide that can be stored on-site at any
10    time and to modify storage practices or equipment
11    requirements. All permits issued by the Agency shall grant
12    the Agency the right to conduct unannounced inspections.
13    The Agency shall conduct at least one unannounced
14    inspection annually of the ethylene oxide storage system
15    for each permit holder.
16        (5) The Agency shall set annual emissions limitations
17    on ethylene oxide emissions that are equal to or lesser
18    than the maximums established under this Section for all
19    ethylene oxide emissions sources. The limitations shall be
20    set to provide maximum protection for public health without
21    consideration of financial cost. No ethylene oxide
22    emissions source shall conduct operations or other
23    activities that emit ethylene oxide in excess of 150 pounds
24    annually.
25        (6) In establishing the annual emissions limitation on
26    ethylene oxide emissions sources in remote locations, the

 

 

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1    Agency shall consider the health and safety of children in
2    rural schools. On and after January 1, 2021, no ethylene
3    oxide emissions source in a remote location shall conduct
4    operations or other activities that emit ethylene oxide in
5    excess of 30 pounds annually and 3 pounds monthly if the
6    emissions source is within 5 miles of the nearest
7    registered day care or school serving students in grades
8    preschool through 12 and in existence before October 1,
9    2019.
10        (7) Ethylene oxide emissions sources shall be required
11    to submit or resubmit a risk management plan to the Agency
12    within 90 days of the effective date of this amendatory Act
13    of the 101st General Assembly, on or before December 31,
14    2020, and on or before December 31 of every fifth year
15    thereafter.
16    (e) On and after January 1, 2022, the maximum cumulative
17emissions in a densely populated location from any sum of
18ethylene oxide emissions sources, hospitals, and ethylene
19oxide sterilization sources located within 3 and one half miles
20of each other shall not exceed 35 pounds annually, inclusive of
21any emissions not emanating from any stack. The Agency shall
22set emissions limitations for individual ethylene oxide
23emissions sources to comply with this requirement. If multiple
24applicants request to emit ethylene oxide in a collective sum
25that is greater than the annual collective maximum regional
26emissions established under this subsection, the Agency shall

 

 

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1prioritize applicants seeking to provide medical services,
2such as hospitals and ethylene oxide sterilization sources that
3sterilize medical products.
4    (f) The Agency shall conduct a comprehensive review of
5ethylene oxide use and emissions within the State of Illinois.
6The Agency shall submit its findings in a report to the General
7Assembly and make the report publicly available on the Agency's
8website on or before June 30, 2021. At a minimum, the report
9shall include the following:
10        (1) A comprehensive assessment of where ethylene oxide
11    is used at levels that may cause measurable emissions.
12        (2) The Agency's recommendations for future
13    administrative actions, regulations, or legislation
14    pertaining to ethylene oxide, designed to provide maximum
15    protection to public health.
16        (3) The Agency's assessment of the risk to human health
17    and environmental damage that can be caused by exposure to
18    ethylene oxide.
 
19    Section 97. Severability. The provisions of this Act are
20severable under Section 1.31 of the Statute on Statutes.